A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

According to Weeks, what role do friendship networks serve for gay men and lesbians?

1. Economic support systems

2. Political advocacy groups

3. Function as kinship networks

4. Recreational clubs

The correct answer is: Function as kinship networks

Friends often play a crucial role in the lives of gay men and lesbians, particularly as a substitute for traditional family structures. According to Weeks, friendship networks function as kinship networks, meaning they provide emotional and social support akin to what one might expect from family. These networks often create a sense of belonging and identity for individuals who may face rejection from their biological families or who seek a community where they are accepted for who they are. The concept of kinship networks extends beyond biological ties, highlighting the significance of chosen families in the LGBTQ+ community. These friendship ties can offer stability, understanding, and a shared experience that reinforces individual and group identity, especially in contexts where societal discrimination may pose challenges to acceptance and love. In contrast, while economic support systems may exist within friendship networks, such a practical aspect does not encompass the primary social and emotional functions these networks serve. Political advocacy groups can emerge from friendships but are not the defining feature of their function in the lives of gay men and lesbians. Similarly, while recreational clubs can provide leisure and entertainment, the deeper, familial aspect of the bonds formed within friendship networks is what is most vital, emphasizing the importance of kinship as defined by emotional connections rather than formal or legal relationships.