A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

How does Calhoun view lesbian marriage and motherhood?

1. As a traditional family structure

2. As a protest against heterosexual norms

3. As avoiding exploitation and patriarchal structures

4. As a lesser form of family

The correct answer is: As avoiding exploitation and patriarchal structures

Calhoun views lesbian marriage and motherhood as a means to avoid exploitation and patriarchal structures. This perspective emphasizes the idea that lesbian relationships can provide an alternative family framework that is not bound by the traditional patriarchal norms associated with heterosexual marriage. In this view, lesbian mothers create a family dynamic that actively resists the inequalities and power imbalances often present in heterosexual family structures. By forming partnerships and families outside of these norms, Calhoun suggests that lesbian couples can develop relationships based on mutual respect and equality, thereby fostering a nurturing environment that transcends conventional societal expectations. The emphasis on avoiding exploitation highlights the notion that different family structures, such as those formed by lesbian couples, can serve as a liberating alternative that allows for more equitable roles and responsibilities and challenges the traditional conceptions of motherhood and partnership.