A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

In postmodern society, which of the following factors has increased individual choice?

1. Rigid class structures

2. Growing consumerism

3. Monolithic cultural narratives

4. Stagnant educational opportunities

The correct answer is: Growing consumerism

Growing consumerism has significantly increased individual choice in postmodern society by providing a wide array of products and services that cater to diverse preferences and needs. The rise of consumer culture emphasizes personal preferences and individualism, allowing people to make choices based on their desires rather than being confined to traditional norms or societal expectations. This shift encourages personalization and the creation of identities through consumption, as individuals are bombarded with options across various markets, leading to a more tailored lifestyle. In contrast, rigid class structures limit individuals' choices based on their socioeconomic status, as those from lower classes may have fewer resources to access various lifestyles or products. Monolithic cultural narratives often impose a singular view or ideology, restricting the diversity of thought and expression which limits individual choice. Stagnant educational opportunities further constrict choices, as access to education shapes the skills, knowledge, and employment possibilities available to individuals, reinforcing existing societal structures rather than fostering individual agency.