A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

What characterizes a matrifocal family?

1. A mother and her children

2. A couple and their relatives

3. Two parents and their children

4. A father and his extended family

The correct answer is: A mother and her children

A matrifocal family is primarily characterized by the presence of a mother and her children, often with a focus on the mother's role as the central figure in the family structure. This type of family arrangement highlights the mother's authority and influence in the household, which may include financial support, decision-making, and caregiving. In matrifocal families, fathers or male figures may be less involved or may play a peripheral role in daily family life. In contrast, the other options imply different dynamics that do not align with the specific nature of matrifocality. For instance, the notion of a couple and their relatives suggests a more traditional family structure that includes both parents and extended family members. Meanwhile, a structure encompassing two parents and their children connects to a nuclear family dynamic, which is distinct from the matrifocal focus. Lastly, a scenario centered around a father and his extended family does not highlight the maternal centrality that defines a matrifocal arrangement, emphasizing instead paternal authority and involvement. Hence, the choice of a mother and her children accurately encapsulates the essence of a matrifocal family.