A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

What does the term "McDonaldism" refer to in the context of global culture?

1. Local food traditions

2. Standardization of culture

3. Decline of globalization

4. Promotion of ethnic diversity

The correct answer is: Standardization of culture

The term "McDonaldism" refers primarily to the standardization of culture, which is a significant concept in the study of globalization and cultural homogenization. It stems from the operational methods of the fast-food franchise McDonald's, which emphasizes efficiency, predictability, control, and the standardization of products and services. Through the lens of McDonaldism, we can observe how certain cultural practices, business models, and consumer behaviors spread across the globe, leading to a homogenized cultural experience. This phenomenon reflects the impact of large multinational corporations on local cultures, often resulting in a diminished variety in food, customs, and ways of life as global brands dominate local markets. In this context, the other choices highlight aspects that contrast with the idea of McDonaldism. Local food traditions would refer to unique, culturally-specific practices, while the decline of globalization suggests a retreat from interconnectedness, and the promotion of ethnic diversity emphasizes the celebration of various cultural identities instead of their standardization.