A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

What does Value Consensus refer to?

1. The disagreement among different social classes

2. Universal acceptance of a concept within society

3. A lack of shared beliefs among members of society

4. Only the consensus of the ruling class

The correct answer is: Universal acceptance of a concept within society

Value Consensus refers to the universal acceptance of a set of shared beliefs and values within a society. This concept is significant in understanding social cohesion and stability, as it indicates that members of society agree on fundamental principles that guide their behavior and social interactions. When there is a value consensus, individuals tend to have a sense of belonging and understanding, which strengthens social bonds and reduces conflict. The idea is rooted in functionalist theories, particularly those of sociologists like Emile Durkheim, who emphasized that a shared value system is essential for the smooth functioning of society. In this context, the collective acknowledgment of values fosters order and encourages cooperation among individuals. The other options suggest various forms of discord or limits to consensus that do not align with the definition of Value Consensus. Disagreements among social classes or a lack of shared beliefs directly contradict the notion of a cohesive value system. Similarly, limiting the consensus to the ruling class ignores the broader social fabric and collective agreement that extends across various groups within society.