A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

What is a social survey?

1. A method of qualitative data analysis

2. A way of gathering data through interviews and questionnaires

3. A type of observational study

4. A survey requiring participant observation

The correct answer is: A way of gathering data through interviews and questionnaires

A social survey is fundamentally defined as a systematic method of gathering information from individuals, typically through structured instruments such as interviews and questionnaires. This method allows researchers to collect quantitative data on various social phenomena, understand public opinions, behaviors, and experiences, and analyze patterns across different demographic groups. The structured nature of these instruments facilitates the collection of standardized data that can easily be analyzed statistically, making it a vital tool in sociological research. The emphasis on gathering responses through direct questioning via interviews or written questionnaires underscores the essential function of social surveys in capturing the perspectives and realities of different population segments, aligning perfectly with the definition provided in your answer. The other options do not accurately capture the essence of a social survey. While qualitative data analysis is an important aspect of sociological research, it is distinct from the broad activities encompassed by a social survey. Similarly, observational studies emphasize the collection of data through observing behavior in natural settings rather than relying on self-reported data from participants. Furthermore, while participant observation is another valuable research methodology, it requires researchers to engage with participants in their environment, which is not a characteristic of traditional social surveys.