A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

Which factor contributes to the aging population in the UK?

1. Increased fertility rates

2. Longer life expectancy

3. Higher birth rates

4. Lower immigration rates

The correct answer is: Longer life expectancy

The factor that significantly contributes to the aging population in the UK is longer life expectancy. As advancements in healthcare, nutrition, and overall living conditions continue to improve, people are living longer, which directly results in an Increase in the proportion of elderly individuals within the population. This phenomenon increases the average age of the population, leading to demographic changes that highlight the challenges faced by society, such as the need for greater healthcare resources and support systems for the elderly. In contrast, increased fertility rates, higher birth rates, and lower immigration rates do not contribute to the aging population. Increased or higher birth rates would lead to a younger population. Lower immigration rates might not affect the aging population directly, as immigration can introduce younger individuals into the demographic mix, potentially balancing the age structure. Thus, longer life expectancy stands out as the primary contributor to the aging population trend.