A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

Which family structure is characterized by a dominant mother figure?

1. Nuclear family

2. Matrifocal family

3. Patrifocal family

4. Symmetrical family

The correct answer is: Matrifocal family

The matrifocal family structure is characterized by a dominant mother figure, often serving as the primary authority within the household. In this type of family, the mother typically takes on the central role in decision-making and child-rearing, while other family members may have supportive roles. This structure can arise in various cultural contexts, often where historical or social factors have emphasized the importance of maternal figures, such as in certain matriarchal societies or communities. In contrast to the matrifocal family, the nuclear family consists of two parents (usually a mother and a father) and their children, without an emphasis on the dominance of either parent. In a patrifocal family, the father figure holds the primary authority and control over the family unit, which is quite the opposite of what is seen in a matrifocal structure. The symmetrical family theory posits a more equal distribution of roles and responsibilities between partners, rather than a clear dominance by one parent. Understanding these distinctions clarifies why the matrifocal family is the correct choice in this context.