A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

Which of the following describes the characteristics pursued by McDonaldisation?

1. Quality, uniqueness, unpredictability, personalization

2. Efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control

3. Artistry, individuality, efficacy, and spontaneity

4. Speed, instant gratification, traditionalism, and spontaneity

The correct answer is: Efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control

The concept of McDonaldization, introduced by sociologist George Ritzer, refers to the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of society. The correct answer highlights the core characteristics that define this phenomenon: efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control. Efficiency pertains to the streamlined processes that allow customers to receive their food or services quickly. This not only enhances customer throughput but also minimizes wasted time and resources. Calculability emphasizes the quantifiable aspects of services and products, focusing on measurable outcomes rather than quality. For instance, customers often judge the value of a meal based on its size or speed of delivery rather than its culinary merit. Predictability ensures that customers receive the same experience, regardless of where they are. This consistency helps build customer trust and loyalty, as they know what to expect. Control is about standardization and the reduction of human error. This is achieved through the use of technology and scripted interactions, making the service more uniform and reliable. The other choices contain attributes that do not align with the principles of McDonaldization. For example, qualities such as artistry and individuality emphasize uniqueness, which contrasts with the standardization seen in McDonaldization. Similarly, elements like unpredictability and