A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

Which perspective argues that Murdock overlooks the impact of capitalism on family structures?

1. Feminist

2. Functionalist

3. Marxist

4. Liberal

The correct answer is: Marxist

The Marxist perspective emphasizes the idea that family structures are significantly influenced by the economic context within which they exist, particularly capitalism. Marxists argue that social institutions, including the family, serve the interests of the ruling class and help perpetuate the inequalities inherent in a capitalist society. They assert that Murdock's analysis is overly simplistic, as it does not consider how family functions can vary depending on the economic conditions and power dynamics at play. In the context of capitalism, the family is often viewed not just as a social unit, but as a mechanism that supports the economic system—such as through the reproduction of labor power and socializing children in a way that prepares them for their roles within a capitalist society. By ignoring these elements, Murdock's argument does not fully account for the complexity of family structures and their relationship to broader societal forces, particularly economic ones. This critique is central to the Marxist understanding of the family, highlighting the ways in which economic structures shape familial arrangements and roles.