A Level Sociology OCR Practice Exam

Which wave of feminism is characterized by the emergence of political activism in the mid-1990s?

1. First-wave feminism

2. Second-wave feminism

3. Third-wave feminism

4. Fourth-wave feminism

The correct answer is: Third-wave feminism

The emergence of political activism in the mid-1990s is indeed associated with third-wave feminism. This wave is characterized by a more inclusive approach to gender issues, recognizing the diverse experiences of women and incorporating various identities, such as race, class, and sexual orientation, into feminist discourse. Third-wave feminists sought to address the limitations of second-wave feminism, which often focused primarily on the issues of white, middle-class women. During the mid-1990s, third-wave feminism began to take shape as younger feminists started to actively challenge societal norms and stereotypes about women. They utilized various forms of media and technology to spread their message and engage a wider audience, often emphasizing individualism and self-expression. Additionally, this period saw the rise of new feminist movements, such as girl power, which was embodied in popular culture, particularly through music and media. In contrast, the earlier waves of feminism, such as the first and second waves, focused primarily on legal rights and social equality, with the first wave centering on suffrage and the second wave addressing issues like reproductive rights and workplace equality, predominantly within Western contexts. The fourth wave, which emerged in the 2010s, is often associated with digital activism and the #MeToo movement